采用超临界乙醇热法合成磷酸铁锂，并以其面积平均粒径为评价标准，通过设计4因素3水平正交实验考察温度、乙醇油胺体积比、装填度和物料物质的量对实验的影响，得到优化粒径的参数为：温度为360℃、乙醇油胺体积比为3.5：1、装填度为64%、物料物质的量为0.5 mmol。结果表明，在反应过程中，油胺作为表面活性剂和碳源前驱体，在保护气下经过煅烧处理转变为一层超薄碳层，最终得到2.5 nm厚的碳层包覆的多孔纳米结构磷酸铁锂，从而有效提升了其导电性和在电解液中的稳定性。

Lithium iron phosphate is synthesized via supercritical ethanol thermal method, and its area average particle size is taken as the evaluation standard.The effects of temperature, the volume ratio of ethanolamine to oleylamine, packing degree and material amount on the experiment are investigated through designing four-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment.The parameters for obtaining optimal particle size are determined as follows:the temperature is at 360℃, the volume ratio of ethanolamine to oleylamine is 3.5:1, the packing degree is 64%, and the amount of material is 0.5 mmol.The results show that oleylamine, as a surfactant and precursor of carbon source, is calcined under the protective gas to transform into an ultra-thin carbon layer.Finally, 2.5 nm thick carbon layer coated porous nanostructure lithium iron phosphate is obtained, which effectively improves the conductivity and stability of lithium iron phosphate in the electrolyte.

刘志军(1969-),男,博士,教授,研究方向为化工与环境流体特殊流动技术与装备,liuzj@dlut.edu.cn。